BARROW-IN-FURNESS

the population (63,770 in i91l) was 74,254 in 1921. the area of the borough is 11,002 ac. of land, with 1,311 of water and 10,385 of foreshore. the shipbuilding yards developed greatly during the war period and war vessels of all types, including dreadnoughts and submarines, were constructed. the cavendish dock adjoining the ramsden dock on the east, 146 ac. in extent, has been leased by the furness railway co. to the firm of vickers, ltd., for the construction of airship sheds and for the manoeuvring of airships and dirigibles. the airship factory is situated on walney i., which is connected with the mainland by a bridge with an opening span of 120 ft. for the passage of vessels. among the public buildings con- structed since 1911 are the town hall with a clock tower 170 ft. high, and a workingmen’s club and institute, the gift of a former mayor; a carnegie library was opened in 1922. the n. lonsdale hospital and the infectious diseases hospital have been extended. further electrical power is now obtained by works on the leven river at backbarrow near lake winder- mere for barrow and other towns. vickerstown on walney i. is a rapidly growing township and is becoming more and more a residential suburb of barrow. the james dunn park is on the east, and the biggar bank, a public recreation ground facing the irish sea, on the west side of the island. _ barry, alfred (1826-ro10), english prelate (see 3.444), died at windsor april 1 roro. barrymore, ethel (1879— ), american actress, was born aug. 15 1879 in philadelphia, and was educated at the convent of notre dame in that city. she made her debut in 1896 in the company of her uncle, john drew. in 1897 she first appeared in england in secret service, and with sir henry ir- ving’s company in the bells and peter the great (1898). she was first starred by charles frohman in cupiain jenks in 1900, and subsequently became one of the leading actresses in the united states, appearing in, amongst other plays, a doll’s house (1905), alice-sit-by-the-fire (1906), declasse (1922), and the second mrs. tanqueray (1924). _ her brother, john barrymore (1882- ), who first ap- peared on the stage in magda in 1903, established his position barrili—barton, sir e. as one of the foremost american actors. he appeared in richard lit .in 1920, and in hamlet in 1923. the latter success he repeated at the haymarket theatre, london, in 1925. he also achieved success in motion pictures. another brother, lronel barrymore (1878- ), made his first appearance in 1893 in the rivals, his grandmother, mrs. john drew, taking the part of mrs. malaprop, and had a success- ful career on both the stage and the screen. bartels, hans von (1856-1913), german painter (see 3.447), died at munich oct. 5 1913. barthou, jean louis (1862- ), french politician, was born at oloron-sainte-marie aug. 25 1862. he practised as a lawyer in pau and in 1889 was elected deputy. he became min- ister of public works in the cabinet of charles dupuy, 1894, in which poincare also made his debut as finance minister. minister of the interior in the meline cabinet of 1896, he re- turned to the office of minister of public works in 1906, under sarrien. successively keeper of the seals and minister of jus- tice, he combined in 1913 the duties of premier and minister of public instruction. he was minister without portfolio in pain- leve’s cabinet during the world war, and minister of war in that of briand in 1921. he will be principally remembered as the able representative of france at the genoa conference, 1922. barthou was elected senator in july 1922, and was president of the reparations commission in october of the same year. his principal written works are l’action syndicule (1904), afirabeau (1913), lamartine orateur (1916) and les amours d’un poete (1919). bartlett, paul wayland (1865—1925), american sculptor (see 3.450), gave further evidence of his abilities in a number of statues, the most notable of which were the group in the pedi- ment over the house wing of the capitol, washington, d.c., the six statues in front of the new york public library, a statue of benjamin franklin at waterbury, conn., and his “ patri- otism ” in red granite at duluth, minnesota. most of his life was spent in france, where he was made a commander of the legion of honour shortly before his death in paris on sept. 20 1925. bartok, bela (1881- ), hungarian composer and pianist. born march 25 1881 at nagyszentmikles, transylvania, he began composition at the age of nine and studied first under laszl6 erkel and later at the musical academy, budapest, under stephen thoman and john koessler. in 1903 his sym- phonic poem “ kossuth ” was performed in manchester under hans richter. the strong national movement prevailing in hungary at this time influenced his work considerably and resulted in his researches into folk music and traditional melo- dies. the outbreak of the world war put an end to his travels, and he became, of necessity, reserved and isolated. the post- war generation, however, hatled him with enthusiasm. among his most notable works are “ bluebeard ” (1918) and the pan- tomime, “ the wonderful mandarin.” he has also written chamber music and numerous works for the piano. in 1906 he became a professor at the musica] academy, budapest. barton, clara (1821-1912), american philanthropist (see 3.452), died at glen echo, md., april 12 1912. she is the only woman whose name has been taken by a post of the grand army of the republic. see mrs. corra bacon-foster, clara barton, humanitarian (1918). barton, sir edmund (1849-1920), australian lawyer and statesman, was born in sydney jan. 18 1849. educated at the grammar school and university there, he was called to the bar in 1871, becoming a q.c. in 1889. he entered politics in 1879, and was elected to the new south wales legislature by the university of sydney. from 1883 to 1887 he was speaker of the house of assembly; and in 1889 he became attorney-general. in 1896 he had succeeded sir henry parkes (see 20.831) as leader of the federation movement; and in tgoo he led the delegation which presented the commonwealth constitution bill to the parliament in london. the following year he became austra- lia’s first federal prime minister. he held office for two years, when he was made senior puisne judge of the high court of australia, being succeeded in the premiership by alfred deakin. sir edmund was throughout his career an ardent supporter of baruch—basketball imperial preference and an advocate of protection. he died suddenly at medlow bath, near sydney, jan. 6 1920. known affectionately as the father of australia, he inspired throughout his long career as a politician a deep personal devotion. baruch, bernard mannes (1870— ), american finan- cier, was born in camden, 8.c., aug. 19 1870. he graduated from the college of the city of new york in 1889 and for many years was a member of the new york stock exchange. in 1916 he was appointed a member of the advisory committee of the council of national defence, and subsequently became chair- man of the committee on raw materials, minerals and metals, and of the war industries board. in 1919 he became a member of the supreme economic council of the peace conference in paris, and in the same year was appointed by president wilson a member of the industrial conference in washington. he wrote the making of the reparation and economic sections of the treaty (1920) and articles for this encyclopedia. basanavicius, jonas (1851- ), lithuanian statesman, was born in the province of suwalki in 1851 and educated at mariampol. he then proceeded to moscow university, where he studied philology, history and medicine. his name was par- ticularly associated with the famous journal ausra (dawn), which he issued in east prussia and smuggled into lithuania during the last decades of the roth century. in 1885, however, he was obliged to leave germany and for many years practised as a doctor in bulgaria. in 1905, after the russian revolution, he was unanimously elected president of the famous diet of vilna. besides being a national leader and a patriot, he was equally famous as a scholar and issued numerous publications in bulgaria, america and lithuania. he was especially interested in lithuanian folklore and his work from the life of ghosts and devils deals with this subject. he has been styled the “ patriarch of the lithuanian renaissance.’’ he was the founder and pres- ident of the lithuanian scientific association. bascom, john (1827-1911), american educationalist (see 3.458), died oct. 3 1911 at williamstown, massachusctts.