L500

l500, educated and maintained a large number of poor children at his own charge, and provided the more promising pupils with means of studying at the universities. so many young people, indeed, flocked to his school that there was not accommodation for them in houghton, and he had to fit up part of his house as a boarding establishment. grieved at the ignorance and superstition which the remissness of the clergy permitted to flourish in the neighbouring parishes, he used every year to visit the most neglected parts of northumberland, yorkshire, cheshire, westmorland and cumberland; and that his own flock might not suffer, he was at the expense of a constant assistant. among his parishioners he was looked up to as a judge, and did great service in preventing law-suits amongst them. if an industrious man suffered a loss, he delighted to make it good; if the harvest was bad, he was liberal in the remission of tithes. the boldness which he could display at need is well illustrated by his action in regard to duelling. finding one day a challenge-glove stuck up on the door of a church where he was to preach, he took it down with his own hand, and proceeded to the pulpit to inveigh against the unchristian custom. his theological position was not in accord with any of the religious parties of his age, and gladstone thought that the catholicity of the anglican church was better exemplified in his career than in those of more prominent ecclesiastics (pref. to a. w. hutton's edition of s. r. maitland's _essays on the reformation_). he was not satisfied with the elizabethan settlement, had great respect for the fathers, and was with difficulty induced to subscribe. archbishop sandys' views on the eucharist horrified him; but on the other hand he maintained friendly relations with bishop pilkington and thomas lever, and the puritans had some hope of his support. a life of bernard gilpin, written by george carleton, bishop of chichester, who had been a pupil of gilpin's at houghton, will be found in bates's _vitae selectorum aliquot virorum_, &c. (london, 1681). a translation of this sketch by william freake, minister, was published at london, 1629; and in 1852 it was reprinted in glasgow, with an introductory essay by edward irving. it forms one of the lives in christopher wordsworth's _ecclesiastical biography_ (vol. iii., 4th ed.), having been compared with carleton's latin text. another biography of gilpin, which, however, adds little to bishop carleton's, was written by william gilpin, m.a., prebendary of ailsbury (london, 1753 and 1854). see also _dict. nat. biog._ gilsonite (so named after s. h. gilson of salt lake city), or uintahite, or uintaite, a description of asphalt occurring in masses several inches in diameter in the uinta (or uintah) valley, near fort duchesne, utah. it is of black colour; its fracture is conchoidal, and it has a lustrous surface. when warmed it becomes plastic, and on further beating fuses perfectly. it has a specific gravity of 1.065 to 1.070. it dissolves freely in hot oil of turpentine. the output amounted to 10,916 short tons for the year 1905, and the value was $4.51 per ton.