KRUMMACHER

krummacher, friedrich adolf (1767-1845), german theologian, was born on the 13th of july 1767 at tecklenburg, westphalia. having studied theology at lingen and halle, he became successively rector of the grammar school at mors (1793), professor of theology at duisburg (1800), preacher at crefeld, and afterwards at kettwig, _consistorialrath_ and superintendent in bernburg, and, after declining an invitation to the university of bonn, pastor of the ansgariuskirche in bremen (1824). he died at bremen on the 14th of april 1845. he was the author of many religious works, but is best known by his _parabeln_ (1805; 9th ed. 1876; eng. trans. 1844). a. w. moller published his life and letters in 1849. his brother gottfried daniel krummacher (1774-1837), who studied theology at duisburg and became pastor successively in barl (1798), wulfrath (1801) and elberfeld (1816), was the leader of the "pietists" of wupperthal, and published several volumes of sermons, including one entitled _die wanderungen israels durch d. wuste nach kanaan_ (1834). friedrich wilhelm krummacher (1796-1868), son of friedrich adolf, studied theology at halle and jena, and became pastor successively at frankfort (1819), ruhrort (1823), gemarke, near barmen in the wupperthal (1825), and elberfeld (1834). in 1847 he received an appointment to the trinity church in berlin, and in 1853 he became court chaplain at potsdam. he was an influential promoter of the evangelical alliance. his best-known works are _elias der thisbiter_ (1828-1833; 6th ed. 1874; eng. trans. 1838); _elisa_ (1837) and _das passionsbuch, der leidende christus_ (1854, in _english the suffering saviour_, 1870). his _autobiography_ was published in 1869 (eng. trans. 1871). emil wilhelm krummacher (1798-1886), another son, was born at mors in 1798. in 1841 he became pastor in duisburg. he wrote, amongst other works, _herzensmanna aus luthers werken_ (1852). his son hermann (1828-1890), who was appointed _consistorialrath_ in stettin in 1877, was the author of _deutsches leben in nordamerika_ (1874).