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    "source_title": "Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)",
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    "chunk_id": "1911:kilia:4c7f7c999822",
    "title": "KILIA",
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    "verified_text": "kilia, a town of s. russia, in the government of bessarabia, 100 m. s.w. of odessa, on the kilia branch of the danube, 20 m. from its mouth. pop. (1897), 11,703. it has steam flour-mills and a rapidly increasing trade. the town, anciently known as chilia, chele, and lycostomium, was a place of banishment for political dignitaries of byzantium in the 12th-13th centuries. after belonging to the genoese from 1381-1403 it was occupied successively by walachia and moldavia, until in 1484 it fell into the hands of the ottoman turks. it was taken from them by the russians in 1790. after being bombarded by the anglo-french fleet in july 1854, it was given to rumania on the conclusion of the war; but in 1878 was transferred to russia with bessarabia. kilian (chilian, killian), st, british missionary bishop and the apostle of eastern franconia, where he began his labours towards the end of the 7th century. there are several biographies of him, the first of which dates back to the 9th century (_bibliotheca hagiographica latina_, nos. 4660-4663). the oldest texts which refer to him are an 8th century necrology at wurzburg and the notice by hrabanus maurus in his martyrology. according to maurus, kilian was a native of ireland, whence with his companions he went to eastern franconia. after having preached the gospel in wurzburg, the whole party were put to death by the orders of an unjust judge named gozbert. it is difficult to fix the period with precision, as the judge (or duke) gozbert is not known through other sources. kilian's comrades, coloman and totman, were, according to the wurzburg necrology, respectively priest and deacon. the elevation of the relics of the three martyrs was performed by burchard, the first bishop of wurzburg, and they are venerated in the cathedral of that town. his festival is celebrated on the 8th of july. see _acta sanctorum_, julii, ii. 599-619; f. emmerich, _der heilige kilian_ (wurzburg, 1896); j. o'hanlon, _lives of the irish saints_, vii. 122-143 (dublin, 1875-1904); a. hauck, _kirchengeschichte deutschlands_, 3rd ed., i. 382 seq. (h. de.)",
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