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    "source_title": "Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)",
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    "chunk_id": "1911:karr:a9de94880d24",
    "title": "KARR",
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    "verified_text": "karr, jean baptiste alphonse (1808-1890), french critic and novelist, was born in paris, on the 24th of november 1808, and after being educated at the college bourbon, became a teacher there. in 1832 he published a novel, _sous les tilleuls_, characterized by an attractive originality and a delightful freshness of personal sentiment. a second novel, _une heure trop tard_, followed next year, and was succeeded by many other popular works. his _vendredi soir_ (1835) and _le chemin le plus court_ (1836) continued the vein of autobiographical romance with which he had made his first success. _genevieve_ (1838) is one of his best stories, and his _voyage autour de mon jardin_ (1845) was deservedly popular. others were _feu bressier_ (1848), and _fort en theme_ (1853), which had some influence in stimulating educational reform. in 1839 alphonse karr, who was essentially a brilliant journalist, became editor of _le figaro_, to which he had been a constant contributor; and he also started a monthly journal, _les guepes_, of a keenly satirical tone, a publication which brought him the reputation of a somewhat bitter wit. his epigrams were frequently quoted; e.g. \"plus ca change, plus c'est la meme chose,\" and, on the proposal to abolish capital punishment, \"je veux bien que messieurs les assassins commencent.\" in 1848 he founded _le journal_. in 1855 he went to live at nice, where he indulged his predilections for floriculture, and gave his name to more than one new variety. indeed he practically founded the trade in cut flowers on the riviera. he was also devoted to fishing, and in _les soirees de sainte-adresse_ (1853) and _au bord de la mer_ (1860) he made use of his experiences. his reminiscences, _livre de bord_, were published in 1879-1880. he died at st raphael (var), on the 29th of september 1890.",
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