IAPYDES

iapydes, or iapodes, one of the three chief peoples of roman illyria. they occupied the interior of the country on the north between the arsia (arsa) and tedanius (perhaps the zermanja), which separated them from the liburnians. their territory formed part of the modern croatia. they are described by strabo as a mixed race of celts and illyrians, who used celtic weapons, tattooed themselves, and lived chiefly on spelt and millet. they were a warlike race, addicted to plundering expeditions. in 129 b.c. c. sempronius tuditanus celebrated a triumph over them, and in 34 b.c. they were finally crushed by augustus. they appear to have had a _foedus_ with rome, but subsequently rebelled. see strabo iv. 207, vii. 313-315; dio cassius xlix. 35; appian, _illyrica_, 10, 14, 16; livy, _epit._ lix. 131; tibullus iv. 1. 108; cicero, _pro balbo_, 14. iatrochemistry (coined from gr. [greek: iatros], a physician, and "chemistry"), a stage in the history of chemistry, during which the object of this science was held to be "not to make gold but to prepare medicines." this doctrine dominated chemical thought during the 16th century, its foremost supporters being paracelsus, van helmont and de la boe sylvius. but it gave way to the new definition formulated by boyle, viz. that the proper domain of chemistry was "to determine the composition of substances." (see chemistry: i. _history_; medicine.)