HURRICANE

hurricane, a wind-storm of great force and violence, originally as experienced in the west indies; it is now used to describe similar storms in other regions, except in the east indies and the chinese seas, where they are generally known as "typhoons." hurricane is the strongest force of wind in the beaufort scale. the caribbean word _huracan_ was introduced by the portuguese, spanish and dutch explorers of the 15th and 16th centuries into many european languages, as in span. _huracan_, portu. _furacao_, ital. _uracane_, fr. _ouragan_, and in swed., ger. and dutch as _orkan_, or _orkaan_. a "hurricane-deck" is an upper deck on a steamer which protects the lower one, and incidentally serves as a promenade. hurry (or urry), sir john (d. 1650), british soldier, was born in aberdeenshire, and saw much service as a young man in germany. in 1641 he returned home and became lieut.-colonel in a scottish regiment. at the end of the same year he was involved in the plot known as the "incident." at the outbreak of the civil war hurry joined the army of the earl of essex, and was distinguished at edgehill and brentford. early in 1643 he deserted to the royalists, bringing with him information on which rupert acted at once. thus was brought about the action of chalgrove field, where hurry again showed conspicuous valour; he was knighted on the same evening. in 1644 he was with rupert at marston moor, where with lucas he led the victorious left wing of horse. but a little later, thinking the king's cause lost, he again deserted, and eventually was sent with baillie against montrose in the highlands. his detached operations were conducted with great skill, but his attempt to surprise montrose's camp at auldearn ended in a complete disaster, partly on account of the accident of the men discharging their pieces before starting on the march. soon afterwards he once more joined charles's party, and he was taken prisoner in the disastrous campaign of preston (1648). sir john hurry was montrose's major-general in the last desperate attempt of the scottish royalists. taken at carbisdale, he was beheaded at edinburgh, may 29th, 1650. a soldier of fortune of great bravery, experience and skill, his frequent changes of front were due rather to laxity of political principles than to any calculated idea of treason.