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    "source_title": "Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)",
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    "chunk_id": "1911:holland:c6a55f6a7203",
    "title": "HOLLAND",
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    "verified_text": "holland, county and province of.--the first mention of holland in any document is found in an imperial _gift brief_ dated may 2nd, 1064. in this the phrase \"_omnis comitatus in hollandt_\" occurs, but without any further description of the locality indicated. a comparison with other documentary evidence, however, leads to the identification of holland with the _forestum merweda_, or the bush-grown fenland lying between the waal, the old meuse and the merwe. it is the district surrounding the town of dordrecht. a portion of the original holland was submerged by a great inundation in 1421, and its modern appellation of biesbosch (reed-forest) is descriptive of what must have been the condition of the entire district in early times. the word holland is indeed by many authorities thought to be a corruption of holt-land (it was sometimes so spelt by 13th-century writers) and to signify wood-land. the earliest spelling is, however, holland, and it is more probable that it means lowlying-land (hol = hollow), a derivation which is equally applicable to the district in lincolnshire which bears the same name. the first count of holland. the title count of holland appears to have been first borne by the frisian count dirk iii., who founded dordrecht (about 1015) and made it his residence (see below). it was not, however, till late in the 11th century that his successors adopted the style \"_hollandensis comes_\" as their territorial designation (it is found for the first time on a seal of dirk v. 1083), and that the name holland became gradually extended northwards to connote all the land subject to the rule of the counts between texel and the maas. dirk i. dirk ii. extent of his dominions. arnulf. dirk iii. foundation of dordrecht. defeat of godfrey of lorraine. beginning of the county of holland. the beginnings of the history of this feudal state (the later holland) centre round the abbey of egmont in whose archives its records have been preserved. in 922 charles the simple gave in full possession to a count in frisia, dirk by name (a shortened form of diederic, latin theodoricus), \"the church of egmont with all that belonged to it from swithardeshage to kinhem.\" this man, usually known as dirk i., died about 939 and was succeeded by his son of the same name. among the records of the abbey of egmont is a document by which the emperor arnulf gave to a certain count gerolf the same land \"between swithardeshage and kinhem,\" afterwards held by dirk i. it is generally assumed that this gerolf was his father, otherwise their deed of gift would not have been preserved among the family papers. dirk ii. was the founder of the abbey of egmont. his younger son egbert became archbishop of treves. his elder son arnulf married liutgardis, daughter of siegfried of luxemburg and sister-in-law of the emperor henry ii. he obtained from the emperor otto",
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