HALE

hale, edward everett (1822-1909), american author, was born in boston on the 3rd of april 1822, son of nathan hale (1784-1863), proprietor and editor of the boston _daily advertiser_, nephew of edward everett, the orator and statesman, and grand-nephew of nathan hale, the martyr spy. he graduated from harvard in 1839; was pastor of the church of the unity, worcester, massachusetts, in 1846-1856, and of the south congregational (unitarian) church, boston, in 1856-1899; and in 1903 became chaplain of the united states senate. he died at roxbury (boston), massachusetts, on the 10th of june 1909. his forceful personality, organizing genius, and liberal practical theology, together with his deep interest in the anti-slavery movement (especially in kansas), popular education (especially chautauqua work), and the working-man's home, were active in raising the tone of american life for half a century. he was a constant and voluminous contributor to the newspapers and magazines. he was an assistant editor of the boston _daily advertiser_, and edited the _christian examiner, old and new_ (which he assisted in founding in 1869; in 1875 it was merged in _scribner's magazine_), _lend a hand_ (founded by him in 1886 and merged in the _charities review_ in 1897), and the _lend a hand record_; and he was the author or editor of more than sixty books--fiction, travel, sermons, biography and history. he first came into notice as a writer in 1859, when he contributed the short story "my double and how he undid me" to the _atlantic monthly_. he soon published in the same periodical other stories, the best known of which was "the man without a country" (1863), which did much to strengthen the union cause in the north, and in which, as in some of his other non-romantic tales, he employed a minute realism which has led his readers to suppose the narrative a record of fact. the two stories mentioned, and such others as "the rag-man and the rag-woman" and "the skeleton in the closet," gave him a prominent position among the short-story writers of america. the story _ten times one is ten_ (1870), with its hero harry wadsworth, and its motto, first enunciated in 1869 in his lowell institute lectures, "look up and not down, look forward and not back, look out and not in, and lend a hand," led to the formation among young people of "lend-a-hand clubs," "look-up legions" and "harry wadsworth clubs." out of the romantic waldensian story _in his name_ (1873) there similarly grew several other organizations for religious work, such as "king's daughters," and "king's sons." among his other books are _kansas and nebraska_ (1854); _the ingham papers_ (1869); _his level best, and other stories_ (1870); _sybaris and other homes_ (1871); _philip nolan's friends_ (1876), his best-known novel, and a sequel to _the man without a country; the kingdom of god_ (1880); _christmas at narragansett_ (1885); _east and west_, a novel (1892); _for fifty years_ (poems, 1893); _ralph waldo emerson_ (1899); _we, the people_ (1903); _prayers offered in the senate of the united states_ (1904), and _tarry-at-home travels_ (1906). he edited lingard's _history of england_ (1853), and contributed to winsor's _memorial history of boston_ (1880-1881), and to his _narrative and critical history of america_ (1886-1889). with his son, edward everett hale, jr., he published _franklin in france_ (2 vols., 1887-1888), based largely on original research. the most charming books of his later years were _a new england boyhood_ (1893), _james russell lowell and his friends_ (1899), and _memories of a hundred years_ (1902). a uniform and revised edition of his principal writings, in ten volumes, appeared in 1899-1901.