HALAKHA

halakha, or halacha (literally "rule of conduct"), the rabbinical development of the mosaic law; with the haggada it makes up the talmud and midrash (q.v.). as the haggada is the poetic, so the halakha is the legal element of the talmud (q.v.), and arose out of the faction between the sadducees, who disputed the traditions, and the pharisees, who strove to prove their derivation from scripture. among the chief attempts to codify the halakha were the _great rules (halakhoth gedoloth)_ of simon kayyara (9th century), based on the letters written by the gaonim, the heads of the babylonian schools, to jewish inquirers in many lands, the work of jacob alfassi (1013-1103), the _strong hand of_ maimonides (1180), and the _table prepared_ (_shulhan aruch_) of joseph qaro (1565), which from its practical scope and its clarity as a work of general reference became the universal handbook of jewish life in many of its phases. (i. a.)