GOVERNORS

joshua clayton 1789-1796 federalist gunning bedford 1796-1797 " daniel rogers[1] 1797-1799 " richard bassett 1799-1801 " james sykes[2] 1801-1802 " david hall 1802-1805 federalist nathaniel mitchell 1805-1808 " george truett 1808-1811 " joseph haslett 1811-1814 " daniel rodney 1814-1817 " john clarke 1817-1820 " henry malleston[3] 1820 " jacob stout[4] 1820-1821 " john collins 1821-1822 democratic-republican caleb rodney[5] 1822 " joseph haslett 1822-1823 democratic-republican charles thomas[6] 1823-1824 " samuel paynter 1824-1827 federalist charles polk 1827-1830 " david hazzard 1830-1833 american-republican caleb p. bennett 1833-1836 democrat charles polk[7] 1836-1837 " cornelius p. comegys 1837-1841 whig william b. cooper 1841-1845 " thomas stockton 1845-1846 " joseph maul[8] 1846 " william temple[9] 1846-1847 " william tharp 1847-1851 democrat william h. ross 1851-1855 " peter f. causey 1855-1859 whig-know-nothing william burton 1859-1863 democrat william cannon 1863-1865 republican gove saulsbury[10] 1865-1871 democrat james ponder 1871-1875 " john p. cockran 1875-1879 " john w. hall 1879-1883 " charles c. stockley 1883-1887 " benjamin t. biggs 1887-1891 " robert j. reynolds 1891-1895 " joshua h. marvil 1895 republican william t. watson[11] 1895-1897 democrat ebe w. tunnell 1897-1901 " john hunn 1901-1905 republican preston lea 1905-1909 " simeon s. pennewill 1909 " bibliography.--information about manufactures, mining and agriculture may be found in the reports of the _twelfth census of the united states_, especially _bulletins 69_ and _100_. the agricultural experiment station, at newark, publishes in its _annual report_ a record of temperature and rainfall. for law and administration see _constitution of delaware_ (dover, 1899) and the _revised code_ of 1852, amended 1893 (wilmington, 1893). for education see l. b. powell, _history of education in delaware_ (washington, 1893), and a sketch in the _annual report_ for 1902 of the united states commissioner of education. the most elaborate history is that of john thomas scharf, _history of the state of delaware_ (2 vols., philadelphia, 1888); the second volume is entirely biographical. claes t. odhner's brief sketch, _kolonien nya sveriges grundlaggning, 1637-1642_ (stockholm, 1876; english translation in the _pennsylvania magazine of history and biography_, vol. iii.), and carl k. s. sprinchorn's _kolonien nya sveriges historia_ (1878; english translation in the _pennsylvania magazine of history and biography_, vols. vii. and viii.) are based, in part, on documents in the swedish royal archives and at the universities of upsala and lund, which were unknown to benjamin ferris (_history of the original settlements of the delaware_, wilmington, 1846) and francis vincent (_history of the state of delaware_, philadelphia, 1870), which ends with the english occupation in 1664. in vol. iv. of justin winsor's _narrative and critical history of america_ (boston, 1884) there is an excellent chapter by gregory b. keen on "new sweden, or the swedes on the delaware," to which a bibliographical chapter is appended. the _papers_ of the historical society of delaware (1879 seq.) contain valuable material. in part ii. of the _report of the superintendent of the u.s. coast and geodetic survey_ for 1893 (washington, 1905) there is "a historical account of the boundary line between the states of pennsylvania and delaware, by w. c. hodgkins." the colonial records are preserved with those of new york and pennsylvania; only one volume of the state records has been published, and _minutes of the council of delaware state, 1776-1792_ (dover, 1886). for political conditions since the civil war see vol. 141 of the _north american review_, vol. 32 of the _forum_, and vol. 73 of the _outlook_--all published in new york. footnotes: [1] speaker of the senate. filled unexpired term of gunning bedford (d. 1797). [2] speaker of senate. filled unexpired term of richard bassett, who resigned 1801. [3] died before he was inaugurated. [4] speaker of the senate. [5] speaker of the senate, john collins dying in 1822. [6] speaker of senate, haslett dying in 1823. [7] speaker of senate. [8] speaker of senate, stockton dying in 1846. [9] speaker of senate, maul dying in 1846. [10] as speaker of the senate filled the unexpired term of cannon (d. 1865), and then became governor in 1867. [11] president of senate, marvil dying in 1895.