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    "source_title": "Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)",
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    "chunk_id": "1911:frontinus:09227f0ac31c",
    "title": "FRONTINUS",
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    "verified_text": "frontinus, sextus julius (c. a.d. 40-103), roman soldier and author. in 70 he was city praetor, and five years later was sent into britain to succeed petilius cerealis as governor of that island. he subdued the silures, and held the other native tribes in check till he was superseded by agricola (78). in 97 he was appointed superintendant of the aqueducts (_curator aquarum_) at rome, an office only conferred upon persons of very high standing. he was also a member of the college of augurs. his chief work is _de aquis urbis romae_, in two books, containing a history and description of the water-supply of rome, including the laws relating to its use and maintenance, and other matters of importance in the history of architecture. frontinus also wrote a theoretical treatise on military science (_de re militari_) which is lost. his _strategematicon libri iii._ is a collection of examples of military stratagems from greek and roman history, for the use of officers; a fourth book, the plan and style of which is different from the rest (more stress is laid on the moral aspects of war, e.g. discipline), is the work of another writer (best edition by g. gundermann, 1888). extracts from a treatise on land-surveying ascribed to frontinus are preserved in lachmann's _gromatici veteres_ (1848). a valuable edition of the _de aquis_ (text and translation) has been published by c. herschel (boston, mass., 1899). it contains numerous illustrations; maps of the routes of the ancient aqueducts and the city of rome in the time of frontinus; a photographic reproduction of the only ms. (the monte cassino); several explanatory chapters, and a concise bibliography, in which special reference is made to p. d tissot, _etude sur la condition des agrimensores_ (1879). there is a complete edition of the works by a. dederich (1855), and an english translation of the _strategematica_ by r. scott (1816). frontispiece (through the french, from med. lat. _frontispicium_, a front view, _frons_, _frontis_, forehead or front, and _specere_, to look at; the english spelling is a mistaken adaptation to \"piece\"), an architectural term for the principal front of a building, but more generally applied to a richly decorated entrance doorway, if projecting slightly only in front of the main wall, otherwise portal or porch would be a more correct term. the word, however, is more used for a decorative design or the representation of some subject connected with the substance of a book and placed as the first illustrated page. a design at the end of the chapter of a book is called a tail-piece.",
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