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    "source_title": "Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)",
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    "chunk_id": "1911:ettlingen:1b9fa83d78c0",
    "title": "ETTLINGEN",
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    "verified_text": "ettlingen, a town of germany, in the grand-duchy of baden, on the alb, and the railway mannheim-basel, 41/2 m. s. of karlsruhe. pop. (1905) 8040. it is still surrounded by old walls and ditches, and presents a medieval and picturesque appearance. among its more striking edifices are an old princely residence, with extensive grounds, an evangelical and two roman catholic churches, and the buildings of a former monastery. there are also many roman remains, notable among them the \"neptune\" sculpture, now embedded in the wall of the town-hall. its chief manufactures are paper-making, spinning, weaving and machine building. the cultivation of wine and fruit is also largely carried on, and in these products considerable trade is done. the first notice of ettlingen dates from the 8th century. it became a town in 1227 and was presented by the emperor frederick ii. to the margrave of baden. in 1689 it was pillaged by the french, and near the town moreau defeated the archduke charles on the 9th and 10th of july 1796. see schwarz, _geschichte der stadt ettlingen_ (carlsruhe, 1900). ettmueller, ernst moritz ludwig (1802-1877), german philologist, was born at gersdorf near loebau, in saxony, on the 5th of october 1802. he was privately educated by his father, the protestant pastor of the village, entered the gymnasium at zittau in 1816 and studied from 1823 to 1826 at the university of leipzig. after a period of about two years during which he was partly abroad and partly at gersdorf, he proceeded to jena, where in 1830 he delivered, under the auspices of the university, a course of lectures on the old norse poets. three years later he was called to occupy the mastership of german language and literature at the zuerich gymnasium; and in 1863 he left the gymnasium for the university, with which he had been partially connected twenty years before. he died at zuerich in april 1877. to the study of english ettmueller contributed by an alliterative translation of beowulf (1840), an anglo-saxon chrestomathy entitled _engla and seaxna scopas and boceras_ (1850), and a well-known _lexicon anglo-saxonicum_ (1851), in which the explanations and comments are given in latin, but the words unfortunately are arranged according to their etymological affinity, and the letters according to phonetic relations. he edited a large number of high and low german texts, and to the study of the scandinavian literatures he contributed an edition of the _voeluspa_ (1831), a translation of the _lieder der edda von den nibelungen_ (1837) and an old norse reading book and vocabulary. he was also the author of a _handbuch der deutschen literaturgeschichte_ (1847), which includes the treatment of the anglo-saxon, the old scandinavian, and the low german branches; and he popularized a great deal of literary information in his _herbstabende und winternaechte: gespraeche ueber dichtungen und dichter_ (1865-1867). the alliterative versification which he admired in the old german poems he himself employed in his _deutsche stammkoenige_ (1844) and _das verhaengnissvolle zahnweh, oder karl der grosse und der heilige goar_ (1852). ettmueller, michael (1644-1683), german physician, was born at leipzig on the 26th of may 1644, studied at his native place and at wittenberg, and after travelling in italy, france and england was recalled in 1668 to leipzig, where he was admitted a member of the faculty of medicine in 1676. about the same time the university confided to him the chair of botany, and appointed him extraordinary professor of surgery and anatomy. he died on the 9th of march 1683, at leipzig. he enjoyed a great reputation as a lecturer, and wrote many tracts on medical and chemical subjects. his collected works were published in 1708 by his son, michael ernst ettmueller (1673-1732), who was successively professor of medicine (1702), anatomy and surgery (1706), physiology (1719) and pathology (1724) at leipzig.",
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