ENGHIEN

enghien, a town in the province of hainaut, belgium, lying south of grammont. pop. (1904) 4541. it is the centre of considerable lace, linen and cotton industries. there is a fine park outside the town belonging to the duke of arenberg, whose ancestor, charles de ligne, bought it from henry iv. in 1607, but the chateau in which the duke of arenberg of the 18th century entertained voltaire no longer exists. curiously enough the cottage, a stone building, built by the same duke for jean jacques rousseau, still stands in the park, while the ducal residence was burnt down by the _sans-culottes_. a fine pavilion or kiosk, named de l'etoile, has also survived. the great conde was given, for a victory gained near this place, the right to use the style of enghien among his subsidiary titles. engine (lat. _ingenium_), a term which in the time of chaucer had the meaning of "natural talent" or "ability," corresponding to the latin from which it is derived (cf. "a man hath sapiences thre, memorie, engin, and intellect also," _second nun's tale_, 339); in this sense it is now obsolete. it also denoted a mechanical tool or contrivance, and especially a weapon of war; this use may be compared with that of _ingenium_ in classical latin to mean a clever idea or device, and in later latin, as in tertullian, for a warlike instrument or machine. in the 19th century it came to have, when employed alone, a specific reference to the steam-engine (q.v.), but it is also used of other prime movers such as the air-engine, gas-engine and oil-engine (qq.v.).