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    "source_title": "Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)",
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    "chunk_id": "1911:ekhof:bce799798403",
    "title": "EKHOF",
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    "verified_text": "ekhof, konrad (1720-1778), german actor, was born in hamburg on the 12th of august 1720. in 1739 he became a member of johann friedrich schonemann's (1704-1782) company in luneburg, and made his first appearance there on the 15th of january 1740 as xiphares in racine's _mithridate_. from 1751 the schonemann company performed mainly in hamburg and at schwerin, where duke christian louis ii. of mecklenburg-schwerin made them comedians to the court. during this period ekhof founded a theatrical academy, which, though short-lived, was of great importance in helping to raise the standard of german acting and the status of german actors. in 1757 ekhof left schonemann to join franz schuch's company at danzig; but he soon returned to hamburg, where, in conjunction with two other actors, he succeeded schonemann in the direction of the company. he resigned this position, however, in favour of h.g. koch, with whom he acted until 1764, when he joined k.e. ackermann's company. in 1767 was founded the national theatre at hamburg, made famous by lessing's _hamburgische dramaturgie_, and ekhof was the leading member of the company. after the failure of the enterprise ekhof was for a time in weimar, and ultimately became co-director of the new court theatre at gotha. this, the first permanently established theatre in germany, was opened on the 2nd of october 1775. ekhof's reputation was now at its height; goethe called him the only german tragic actor; and in 1777 he acted with goethe and duke charles augustus at a private performance at weimar, dining afterwards with the poet at the ducal table. he died on the 16th of june 1778. his versatility may be judged from the fact that in the comedies of goldoni and moliere he was no less successful than in the tragedies of lessing and shakespeare. he was regarded by his contemporaries as an unsurpassed exponent of naturalness on the stage; and in this respect he has been not unfairly compared with garrick. his fame, however, was rapidly eclipsed by that of friedrich u.l. schroder. his literary efforts were chiefly confined to translations from french authors. see h. uhde, biography of ekhof in vol. iv. of _der neue plutarch_ (1876), and j. ruschner, _k. ekhofs leben und wirken_ (1872). also h. devrient, _j.f. schonemann und seine schauspielergesellschaft_ (1895). ekron (better, as in the septuagint and josephus, accaron, [greek: akkaron]), a royal city of the philistines commonly identified with the modern syrian village of `akir, 5 m. from ramleh, on the southern slope of a low ridge separating the plain of philistia from sharon. it lay inland and off the main line of traffic. though included by the israelites within the limits of the tribe of judah, and mentioned in judges xix. as one of the cities of dan, it was in philistine possession in the days of samuel, and apparently maintained its independence. according to the narrative of the hebrew text, here differing from the greek text and josephus (which read askelon), it was the last town to which the ark was transferred before its restoration to the israelites. its maintenance of a sanctuary of baal zebub is mentioned in 2 kings i. from assyrian inscriptions it has been gathered that padi, king of ekron, was for a time the vassal of hezekiah of judah, but regained his independence when the latter was hard pressed by sennacherib. a notice of its history in 147 b.c. is found in 1 macc. x. 89; after the fall of jerusalem a.d. 70 it was settled by jews. at the time of the crusades it was still a large village. recently a jewish agricultural colony has been settled there. the houses are built of mud, and in the absence of visible remains of antiquity, the identification of the site is questionable. the neighbourhood is fertile. (r. a. s. m.)",
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