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    "source_title": "Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)",
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    "chunk_id": "1911:egham:7716c183607e",
    "title": "EGHAM",
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    "verified_text": "egham, a town in the chertsey parliamentary division of surrey, england, on the thames, 21 m. w.s.w. of london by the london & south western railway. pop. (1901) 11,895. the church of st john the baptist is a reconstruction of 1817; it contains monuments by john flaxman. above the right bank of the river a low elevation, cooper's hill, commands fine views over the valley, and over windsor great park to the west. on the hill was the royal indian civil engineering college, commonly called cooper's hill college, of which sir george tomkyns chesney was the originator and first president (1871). it educated men for the public works, accounts, railways and telegraph departments of india, and included a school of forestry; but it was decided, in the face of some opposition, to close it in 1906, on the theory that it was unnecessary for a college with such a specialized object to be maintained by the government, in view of the readiness with which servants for these departments could be recruited elsewhere. part of the organization, including the school of forestry, was transferred to oxford university. cooper's hill gives name to a famous poem of sir john denham (1642). a large and handsome building houses the royal holloway college for women (1886), founded by thomas holloway; in the neighbourhood is the sanatorium of the same founder (1885) for the treatment of mental ailments, accommodating about 250 patients. the college for women, surrounded by extensive grounds, commands a wide view from the wooded slope on which it stands. the recreation hall, with its fine art collection, is the most notable room in this handsome building, which can receive 250 students. within the parish, bordering the river, is the field of runnymede, which, with magna charta island lying off it, is famous in connexion with the signature of the charter by king john. virginia water, a large and picturesque artificial lake to the south of windsor great park, is much frequented by visitors. it was formed under the direction of the duke of cumberland, about 1750, and was the work of the brothers thomas and paul sandby. egin (armenian _agn_, \"the spring\"), an important town in the mamuret el-aziz vilayet of asiatic turkey (altitude 3300 ft.). pop. about 20,000, fairly equally divided between armenian christians and moslems. it is picturesquely situated in a theatre of lofty, abrupt rocks, on the right bank of the western euphrates, which is crossed by a wooden bridge. the stone houses stand in terraced gardens and orchards, and the streets are mere rock ladders. egin was settled by armenians who emigrated from van in the 11th century with senekherim. on the 8th of november 1895 and in the summer of 1896 many armenians were massacred here. (d. g. h.) eglantine (e. frisian, _egeltiere_; fr. _aiglantier_), a plant-name of which dr r. c. a. prior (_popular names of british plants_, p. 70) says that it \"has been the subject of much discussion, both as to its exact meaning and as to the shrub to which it properly belongs.\" the eglantine of the herbalists was the sweet-brier, _rosa rubiginosa_. the signification of the word seems to be thorn-tree or thorn-bush, the first two syllables probably representing the anglo-saxon _egla_, _egle_, a prick or thorn, while the termination is the dutch _tere_, _taere_, a tree. eglantine is frequently alluded to in the writings of english poets, from chaucer downwards. milton, in _l'allegro_, is thought by the term \"twisted eglantine\" to denote the honeysuckle, _lonicera periclymenum_, which is still known as eglantine in north-east yorkshire.",
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