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    "source_title": "Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)",
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    "chunk_id": "1911:durao:abd1b4a37881",
    "title": "DURAO",
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    "verified_text": "durao, jose de santa rita (1720-1784), brazilian poet, was born near marianna, in the province of minas geraes, in 1720, and died in lisbon in 1754. he studied at coimbra, in portugal, graduated as a doctor of divinity, became a member of the augustinian order of friars, and obtained a great reputation as a preacher. having irritated the minister pombal by his defence of the jesuits, he retired from portugal in 1759; and, after being imprisoned in spain as a spy, found his way to italy in 1763, where he became acquainted with alfieri, pindemonte, casti and other literary men of the time. on his return to portugal he delivered the opening address at the university of coimbra for the year 1777; but soon after retired to the cloisters of a gratian convent. at the time of his death he taught in the little college belonging to that order in lisbon. his epic in ten cantos, entitled _caramuru, poema epico do descubrimento da bahia_, appeared in lisbon in 1781, but proved at first a total failure. its value has gradually been recognized, and it now ranks as one of the best poems in brazilian literature--remarkable especially for its fine descriptions of scenery and native life in south america. the historic institute of rio de janeiro offered a prize to the author of the best essay on the legend of caramuru; and the successful competitor published a new edition of durao's poem. there is a french translation which appeared in paris in 1829. see adolfo de varnhagen, _epicos brazileiros_ (1845); pereira da silva, _os varoes illustres do brasil_ (1858); wolf, _le bresil litteraire_ (berlin, 1863); sotero dos reis, _curso de litteratura portugueza e brazileira_, vol. iv. (maranhao, 1868); jose verissimo, _estudos de literatura brazileira, segunda serie_ (rio, 1901). durazzo (anc. _epidamnus_ and _dyrrachium_; albanian, _durresi_; turkish and slavonic, _drach_), a seaport and capital of the sanjak of durazzo, in the vilayet of iannina, albania, turkey. pop. (1900) about 5000. durazzo is about 50 m. s. of scutari, on the bay of durazzo, an inlet of the adriatic sea. it is the seat of a roman catholic archbishop and a greek metropolitan, but in every respect has greatly declined from its former prosperity. the walls are dilapidated; plane-trees grow on the gigantic ruins of its old byzantine citadel; and its harbour, once equally commodious and safe, is gradually becoming silted up. the only features worthy of notice are the quay, with its rows of cannon, and the bridge, 750 ft. long, which leads across the marshes stretching along the coast. the chief exports are olive oil--largely manufactured in the district--wheat, oats, barley, pottery and skins. _epidamnus_ was founded by a joint colony of corcyreans and corinthians towards the close of the 7th century b.c., and from its admirable position and the fertility of the surrounding country soon rose into very considerable importance. the dissolution of its original oligarchical government by the democratic opposition, the consequent quarrel between corcyra and the oligarchical city of corinth, and the intervention of athens on behalf of corcyra, are usually included among the contributory causes of the peloponnesian war (431-404 b.c.). in 312",
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