DOUGLAS

douglas, john (1721-1807), scottish man of letters and anglican bishop, was the son of a small shopkeeper at pittenweem, fife, where he was born on the 14th of july 1721. he was educated at dunbar and at balliol college, oxford, where he took his m.a. degree in 1743, and as chaplain to the 3rd regiment of foot guards he was at the battle of fontenoy, 1745. he then returned to balliol as a snell exhibitioner; became vicar of high ercall, shropshire, in 1750; canon of windsor, 1762; bishop of carlisle, 1787 (and also dean of windsor, 1788); bishop of salisbury, 1791. other honours were the degree of d.d., 1758, and those of f.r.s. and f.s.a. in 1778. douglas was not conspicuous as an ecclesiastical administrator, preferring to his livings the delights of london in winter and the fashionable watering-places in summer. under the patronage of the earl of bath he entered into a good many literary controversies, vindicating milton from w. lauder's charge of plagiarism (1750), attacking david hume's rationalism in his _criterion of miracles_ (1752), and the hutchinsonians in his _apology for the clergy_ (1755). he also edited captain cook's _journals_, and clarendon's _diary and letters_ (1763). he died on the 18th of may 1807, and a volume of _miscellaneous works_, prefaced by a short biography, was published in 1820.