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    "source_title": "Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)",
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    "chunk_id": "1911:deogarh:09f61310dd9d",
    "title": "DEOGARH",
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    "verified_text": "deogarh, the name of several towns of british india. (1) a town in the santal parganas district of bengal. pop. (1901) 8838. it is famous for a group of twenty-two temples dedicated to siva, the resort of numerous pilgrims. it is connected with the east indian railway by a steam tramway, 5 m. in length. (2) the headquarters of the bamra feudatory state in bengal; 58 m. by road from the bamra road station on the bengal-nagpur railway. pop. (1901) 5702. the town, which is well laid out, with parks and gardens, and pleasantly situated in a hollow among hills, rapidly increased in population under the enlightened administration of the raja, sir sudhal rao, k.c.i.e. (b. 1860). it has a state-supported high school affiliated to calcutta university, with a chemical and physical laboratory. (3) the chief town of the deogarh estate in the state of udaipur, rajputana, about 68 m. n.n.e. of the city of udaipur. it is walled, and contains a fine palace. pop. (1901) 5384. the holder of the estate is styled _rawat_, and is one of the first-class nobles of mewar. (4) deogarh fort, the ancient devagiri or deogiri (see daulatabad). deols, a suburb of the french town of chateauroux, in the department of indre. pop. (1906) 2337. deols lies to the north of chateauroux, from which it is separated by the indre. it preserves a fine romanesque tower and other remains of the church of a famous benedictine abbey, the most important in berry, founded in 917 by ebbes the noble, lord of deols. a gateway flanked by towers survives from the old ramparts of the town. the parish church of st stephen (15th and 16th centuries) has a romanesque facade and a crypt containing the ancient christian tomb of st ludre and his father st leocade, who according to tradition were lords of the town in the 4th century. there are also interesting old paintings of the 10th century representing the ancient abbey. the pilgrimage to the tomb of st ludre gave importance to deols, which under the name of _vicus dolensis_ was in existence in the roman period. in 468 the visigoths defeated the gauls there, the victory carrying with it the supremacy over the district of berry. in the middle ages the head of the family of deols enjoyed the title of prince and held sway over nearly all lower berry, of which the town itself was the capital. in the 10th century raoul of deols gave his castle to the monks of the abbey and transferred his residence to chateauroux. for centuries this change did not affect the prosperity of the place, which was maintained by the prestige of its abbey. but the burning of the abbey church by the protestants during the religious wars and in 1622 the suppression of the abbey by the agency of henry ii., prince of conde and of deols, owing to the corruption of the monks, led to its decadence. department (fr. _departement_, from _departir_, to separate into parts), a division. the word is used of the branches of the administration in a state or municipality; in great britain it is applied to the subordinate divisions only of the great offices and boards of state, such as the bankruptcy department of the board of trade, but in the united states these subordinate divisions are known as \"bureaus,\" while \"department\" is used of the eight chief branches of the executive. a particular use of the word is that for a territorial division of france, corresponding loosely to an english county. previous to the french revolution, the local unit in france was the province, but this division was too closely bound up with the administrative mismanagement of the old regime. accordingly, at the suggestion of mirabeau, france was redivided on entirely new lines, the thirty-four provinces being broken up into eighty-three departments (see french revolution). the idea was to render them as nearly as possible equal to a certain average of size and population, though this was not always adhered to. they derived their names principally from rivers, mountains or other prominent geographical features. under napoleon the number was increased to one hundred and thirty, but in 1815 it was reduced to eighty-six. in 1860 three new departments were created out of the newly annexed territory of savoy and nice. in 1871 three departments (bas-rhin, haut-rhin and moselle) were lost after the german war. of the remains of the haut-rhin was formed the territory of belfort, and the fragments of the moselle were incorporated in the department of meurthe, which was renamed meurthe-et-moselle, making the number at present eighty-seven. for a complete list of the departments see france. each department is presided over by an officer called a prefect, appointed by the government, and assisted by a prefectorial council (_conseil de prefecture_). the departments are subdivided into arrondissements, each in charge of a sub-prefect. arrondissements are again subdivided into cantons, and these into communes, somewhat equivalent to the english parish (see france: _local government_).",
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