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    "source_title": "Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)",
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    "title": "DANA",
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    "verified_text": "dana, charles anderson (1819-1897), american journalist, was born in hinsdale, new hampshire, on the 8th of august 1819. at the age of twelve he became a clerk in his uncle's general store at buffalo, which failed in 1837. in 1839 he entered harvard, but the impairment of his eyesight in 1841 forced him to leave college, and caused him to abandon his intention of entering the ministry and of studying in germany. from september 1841 until march 1846 he lived at brook farm, where he was made one of the trustees of the farm, was head waiter when the farm became a fourierite phalanx, and was in charge of the phalanstery's finances when its buildings were burned in 1846. he had previously written for (and managed) the _harbinger_, the brook farm organ, and had written as early as 1844 for the boston _chronotype_. in 1847 he joined the staff of the new york _tribune_, and in 1848 he wrote from europe letters to it and other papers on the revolutionary movements of that year. returning to the _tribune_ in 1849, he became its managing-editor, and in this capacity actively promoted the anti-slavery cause, seeming to shape the paper's policy at a time when greeley was undecided and vacillating. in 1862 his resignation was asked for by the board of managers of the _tribune_, apparently because of wide temperamental differences between him and greeley. secretary of war stanton immediately made him a special investigating agent of the war department; in this capacity dana discovered frauds of quartermasters and contractors, and as the \"eyes of the administration,\" as lincoln called him, he spent much time at the front, and sent to stanton frequent reports concerning the capacity and methods of various generals in the field; he went through the vicksburg campaign and was at chickamauga and chattanooga, and urged the placing of general grant in supreme command of all the armies in the field. dana was second assistant-secretary of war in 1864-1865, and in 1865-1866 conducted the newly-established and unsuccessful chicago _republican_. he became the editor and part-owner of the new york _sun_ in 1868, and remained in control of it until his death at glen cove, long island, new york, on the 17th of october 1897. under dana's control the _sun_ opposed the impeachment of president johnson; it supported grant for the presidency in 1868; it was a sharp critic of grant as president; and in 1872 took part in the liberal republican revolt and urged greeley's nomination. it favoured tilden, the democratic candidate for the presidency, in 1876, opposed the electoral commission and continually referred to hayes as the \"fraud president.\" in 1884 it supported benjamin f. butler, the candidate of greenback-labor and anti-monopolist parties, for the presidency, and opposed blaine (republican) and even more bitterly cleveland (democrat); it supported cleveland and opposed harrison in 1888, although it had bitterly criticized cleveland's first administration, and was to criticize nearly every detail of his second, with the exception of federal interference in the pullman strike of 1894; and in 1896, on the free-silver issue, it opposed bryan, the democratic candidate for the presidency. dana's literary style came to be the style of the _sun_--simple, strong, clear, \"boiled down.\" _the art of newspaper making_, containing three lectures which he wrote on journalism, was published in 1900. with george ripley he edited _the new american cyclopaedia_ (15 vols., 1857-1863), reissued as the _american cyclopaedia_ in 1873-1876. he had excellent taste in the fine arts and edited an anthology, _the household book of poetry_ (1857). he was a very good linguist, published several versions from the german, and read the romance and scandinavian languages; he was an art connoisseur and left a remarkable collection of chinese porcelain. dana's _reminiscences of the civil war_ was published in 1898, as was his _eastern journeys, notes of travel_. he also edited a campaign _life of u. s. grant_, published over his name and that of general james h. wilson in 1868. see james wilson, _the life of charles a. dana_ (new york, 1907).",
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