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    "source_title": "Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)",
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    "chunk_id": "1911:curia regis:7f416b94ead6",
    "title": "CURIA REGIS",
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    "verified_text": "curia regis, or aula regis, a term used in england from the time of the norman conquest to about the end of the 13th century to describe a council and a court of justice, the composition and functions of which varied considerably from time to time. meaning in general the \"king's court,\" it is difficult to define the _curia regis_ with precision, but it is important and interesting because it is the germ from which the higher courts of law, the privy council and the cabinet, have sprung. it was, at first the general council of the king, or the _commune concilium_, i.e. the feudal assembly of the tenants-in-chief; but it assumed a more definite character during the reign of henry i., when its members, fewer in number, were the officials of the royal household and other friends and attendants of the king. it was thus practically a committee of the larger council, and assisted the king in his judicial work, its authority being as undefined as his own. about the same time the _curia_ undertook financial duties, and in this way was the parent of the court of exchequer (_curia regis ad scaccarium_). the members were called \"justices,\" and in the king's absence the chief justiciar presided over the court. a further step was taken by henry ii. in 1178 he appointed five members of the _curia_ to form a special court of justice, and these justices, unlike the other members of the _curia_, were not to follow the king's court from place to place, but were to remain in one place. thus the court of king's bench (_curia regis de banco_) was founded, and the foundation of the court of common pleas was provided for in one of the articles of magna carta. the court of chancery is also an offshoot of the _curia regis_. about the time of edward i. the executive and advising duties of the _curia regis_ were discharged by the king's secret council, the later privy council, which is thus connected with the _curia regis_, and from the privy council has sprung the cabinet. in his work _tractatus de legibus angliae_, ranulf de glanvill treats of the procedure of the _curia regis_ as a court of law. see w. stubbs, _constitutional history_, vol. i. (oxford, 1883); r. gneist, _englische verfassungsgeschichte_, english translation by p. a. ashworth (london, 1891); a. v. dicey, _the privy council_ (london, 1887); and the article privy council. (a. w. h.*)",
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