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    "source_title": "Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)",
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    "chunk_id": "1911:crozier:b7a493df25a4",
    "title": "CROZIER",
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    "verified_text": "crozier, or pastoral staff, one of the insignia of a bishop, and probably derived from the _lituus_ of the roman augurs. it is crook-headed, and borne by bishops and archbishops alike (see pastoral staff). the word \"crozier\" or \"crosier\" represents the o. fr. _crocier_, med. lat. _crociarius_, the bearer of the episcopal crook (med. lat. _crocea_, _croccia_, &c., fr. _croc_). the english representative of _crocea_ was _crose_, later _crosse_, which, becoming confused with \"cross\" (q.v.), was replaced by \"crozier-staff\" or \"crozier's staff,\" and then, at the beginning of the 16th century, by \"crozier\" (see j. t. taylor, _archaeologia_, iii., \"on the use of the terms crosier, pastoral staff and cross\"). crucial (from lat. _crux_, a cross), that which has the form of a cross, as the \"crucial ligaments\" of the knee-joint, which cross each other, connecting the femur and the tibia. from francis bacon's expression _instantia crucis_ (taken, as he says, from the finger-post or _crux_ at cross-roads) for a phenomenon which decides between two causes which have each similar analogies in its favour, comes the use of \"crucial\" for that which decides between two alternatives, hence, generally, as a synonym for \"critical.\" the word is also used, with a reference to the use of a \"crucible,\" of something which tests and tries.",
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