{ "system": "GoGuides Verified Text", "api_version": "verified-text-v1", "status": "ok", "response_type": "verified_text_record", "source_key": "britannica_1911", "source_title": "Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)", "license_code": "public_domain", "attribution": null, "license_url": null, "chunk_id": "1911:coryate:e705e21ee04e", "title": "CORYATE", "section": null, "hash_alg": "sha256", "hash_sha256": "56d59cedb71a3e7cace7f541921aad3770759e1b3fd5d63ac47e1bce1f43a6ab", "normalizer": { "name": "ggnorm", "version": "1.0" }, "verified_text": "coryate, thomas (1577?-1617), english traveller and writer, was born at odcombe, somersetshire, where his father, the rev. george coryate, prebendary of york cathedral, was rector. educated at westminster school and at oxford, he became a kind of court fool, eventually entering the household of prince henry, the eldest son of james i. in 1611 he published a curious account of a prolonged walking tour undertaken in 1608, under the title of _coryate's crudities hastily gobbled up in five months travels in france, italy, &c_. at the command of prince henry, verses in mock praise of the author, and intended originally to persuade some bookseller to undertake the publication of the _crudities_, were added to the volume. these commendatory verses, written in a number of languages, and some in a mixture of languages, by ben jonson, donne, chapman, drayton and others, were afterwards published (1611) by themselves as the _odcombian banquet_. the book contains a clear and interesting account of coryate's travels, and, being the first of its kind, was extremely popular. it is now very rare, and the copy in the chetham library is said to be the only perfect one. in the same year was published a second volume of a similar kind, _coryats crambe, or his coleworte twice sodden_. in 1612 he set out on another journey, which also was mostly performed on foot. he visited greece, the holy land, persia and india; from agra and ajmere he sent home an account of his adventures. some of his letters were published in 1616 under the title of _letters from asmere, the court of the great mogul, to several persons of quality in england_, and some fragments of his writings were included in _purchas his pilgrimes_ in 1625. coryate was a curious and observant traveller; he gives accounts of inscriptions he had copied, of the antiquities of the towns he passed through, and of manners and customs, from the italian pronunciation of latin to the new-fangled use of forks. he acquired a knowledge of turkish, persian and hindustani in the course of his travels, and on being presented by the english ambassador, sir thomas roe, to the great mogul, he delivered a speech in persian. his journeys were performed at small expense, for he says that he spent only three pounds between aleppo and agra, and often lived \"competently\" for a penny a day. coryate died at surat in 1617. _coryate's crudities_, with his letters from india, was reprinted from the edition of 1611 in 1776, and at the glasgow university press (2 vols., 1905). the _odcombian banquet_ was ridiculed by john taylor, the water poet, in his _laugh and be fat, or a commentary on the odcombian banket_ (1613) and two other satires. corybantes (gr. [greek: korybantes]), in greek mythology, half divine, half demonic beings, bearing the same relation to the asiatic great mother of the gods that the curetes bear to rhea. from their first appearance in literature, they are already often identified or confused with them, and are distinguished only by their asiatic origin and by the more pronouncedly orgiastic nature of their rites. various accounts of their origin are given: they were earth-born, sons of cronus, sons of zeus and calliope, sons of rhea, of ops, of the great mother and a mystic father, of apollo and thalia, of athena and helios. their names and number were as indistinct even to the ancients as those of the curetes and idaean dactyli. like the curetes, dactyli, telchines and cabeiri (q.v.), however, they represent primitive gods of procreative significance, who survived in the historic period as subordinate deities associated with a form of the great mother goddess, their relation to the great mother of the gods, cybele, being comparable with that of attis (q.v.). they may have been represented or impersonated by priests in her rites as attis was, but they were also, like him, not actual priests in the first instance, but objects of worship in which a frenzied dance, with accompaniment of flute music, the beating of tambourines, the clashing of cymbals and castanets, wild cries and self-infliction of wounds--the whole culminating in a state of ecstasy and exhaustion--were the most prominent features. the dance of the corybantic priests, like that of the priests who represented the curetes, may have originated in a primitive faith in the power of noise to avert evil. its psychic effect, both upon the dancer and upon the mystic about whom he danced during the initiation of the cybele-attis mysteries, made it a widely known and popular feature of the cult. in art the corybantes appear, usually not more than two or three in number, fully armed and executing their orgiastic dance in the presence of the great mother, her lions and attis. they sometimes appear with the child dionysus, between whose cult and that of the mother there was a close affinity. 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