CORNUTUS

cornutus, lucius annaeus, stoic philosopher, flourished in the reign of nero. he was a native of leptis in libya, but resided for the most part in rome. he is best known as the teacher and friend of persius, whose satires he revised for publication after the poet's death, but handed them over to caesius bassus to edit, at the special request of the latter. he was banished by nero (in 66 or 68) for having indirectly disparaged the emperor's projected history of the romans in heroic verse (dio cassius lxii. 29), after which time nothing more is heard of him. he was the author of various rhetorical works in both greek and latin ([greek: rhetorikai technai], _de figuris sententiarum_). another rhetorician, also named cornutus, who flourished a.d. 200-250 (or in the second half of the 2nd century) was the author of a treatise [greek: techne tou politikou logou] (ed. j. graeven, 1890). a philosophical treatise, _theologiae graecae compendium_ (of which the greek title is uncertain; perhaps, [greek: hellenike theologia], or [greek: peri tes ton theon physeos], though the latter may be the title of an abridgment of the former) is still extant. it is a manual of "popular mythology as expounded in the etymological and symbolical interpretations of the stoics" (sandys), and although marred by many absurd etymologies, abounds in beautiful thoughts (ed. c. lang, 1881). simplicius and porphyry refer to his commentary on the _categories_ of aristotle, whose philosophy he is said to have defended against an opponent athenodorus in a treatise [greek: antigraphepros athenodoron]. his aristotelian studies were probably his most important work. a commentary on virgil (frequently quoted by servius) and _scholia_ to persius are also attributed to him; the latter, however, are of much later date, and are assigned by jahn to the carolingian period. excerpts from his treatise _de enuntiatione vel orthographia_ are preserved in cassiodorus. the so-called _disticha cornuti_ (ed. liebl, straubing, 1888) belong to the late middle ages. see g. martini, _de l. annaeo cornuto_ (1825); o. jahn, _prolegomena_ to his edition of persius; h. von arnim in pauly-wissowa's _realencyclopadie_, i. pt. ii. (1894); m. schanz, _geschichte der romischen litteratur_, i. 2 (1901), p. 285; w. christ, _geschichte der griechischen litteratur_ (1898), pp. 702, 755; teuffel-schwabe, _hist. of roman literature_ (eng. trans.), § 299, 2.