COOPER

cooper, thomas (1805-1892), english chartist and writer, the son of a working dyer, was born at leicester on the 20th of march 1805. after his father's death his mother began business as a dyer and fancy box-maker at gainsborough. young cooper was apprenticed to a shoemaker. he had a passion for knowledge; studied greek, latin and hebrew in his spare time; and in 1827 gave up cobbling to become a schoolmaster, and, later, a methodist preacher. his affairs did not prosper, and after going to lincoln, where he obtained work on a local newspaper, he came to london in 1839. here he became assistant to a second-hand bookseller, but in 1840 he joined the staff of the _leicestershire mercury_. his support of the chartist movement obliged him to resign his position, but he undertook to edit _the midland counties illuminator_, a chartist journal, in 1841. he became a leader of the extreme chartist party, and for his action in urging on the strike of 1842 he was imprisoned in stafford gaol for two years. here he produced _the purgatory of suicides_, a political epic in ten books, embodying the radical ideas of the time. in his efforts to publish this work after his liberation he came under the notice of benjamin disraeli and douglas jerrold. through jerrold's help it appeared in 1845, and cooper then turned his attention to lecturing upon historical and educational subjects. in 1856 he suddenly renounced the free-thinking doctrines which he had held for many years, and became a lecturer on christian evidences. he died at lincoln on the 15th of july 1892. among his other works may be mentioned the _bridge of history over the gulf of time_ (1871) and the _life of thomas cooper, written by himself_ (1872).