CHABOT

chabot, georges antoine, known as chabot de l'allier (1758-1819), french jurist and statesman, was president of the tribunal of montlucon when he was elected as a deputy _suppleant_ to the national convention. a member of the council of the ancients, then of the tribunate, he was president of the latter when the peace of amiens was signed. he had a resolution adopted, tending to give napoleon bonaparte the consulship for life; and in 1804 supported the proposal to establish a hereditary monarchy. napoleon named him inspector-general of the law schools, then judge of the court of cassation. he published various legal works, e.g. _tableau de la legislation ancienne sur les successions et de la legislation nouvelle etablie par le code civil_ (paris, 1804), and _questions fransitoires sur le code napoleon_ (paris, 1809). chabot, philippe de, seigneur de brion, count of charny and buzancais (c. 1492-1543), admiral of france. the chabot family was one of the oldest and most powerful in poitou. philippe was a cadet of the jarnac branch. he was a companion of francis i. as a child, and on that king's accession was loaded with honours and estates. after the battle of pavia he was made admiral of france and governor of burgundy (1526), and shared with anne de montmorency the direction of affairs. he was at the height of his power in 1535, and commanded the army for the invasion of the states of the duke of savoy; but in the campaigns of 1536 and 1537 he was eclipsed by montmorency, and from that moment his influence began to wane. he was accused by his enemies of peculation, and condemned on the 10th of february 1541 to a fine of 1,500,000 livres, to banishment, and to the confiscation of his estates. through the good offices of madam d'etampes, however, he obtained the king's pardon almost immediately (march 1541), was reinstated in his posts, and regained his estates and even his influence, while montmorency in his turn was disgraced. but his health was affected by these troubles, and he died soon afterwards on the 1st of june 1543. his tomb in the louvre, by an unknown sculptor, is a fine example of french renaissance work. it was his nephew, guy chabot, seigneur de jarnac, who fought the famous duel with francois de vivonne, seigneur de la chataigneraie, in 1547, at the beginning of the reign of henry ii. the main authorities for chabot's life are his ms. correspondence in the bibliotheque nationale, paris, and contemporary memoirs. see also e de barthelemy, "chabot de brion," in the _revue des questions historiques_ (vol. xx. 1876); martineau, "l'amiral chabot," in the _positions des theses de l'ecole des chartes_ (1883). chabrias (4th century b.c.), a celebrated athenian general. in 388 b.c. he defeated the spartans at aegina and commanded the fleet sent to assist evagoras, king of cyprus, against the persians. in 378, when athens entered into an alliance with, thebes against sparta, he defeated agesilaus near thebes. on this occasion he invented a manoeuvre, which consisted in receiving a charge on the left knee, with shields resting on the ground and spears pointed against the enemy. in 376 he gained a decisive victory over the spartan fleet off naxos, but, when he might have destroyed the spartan fleet, remembering the fate of the generals at arginusae, he delayed to pick up the bodies of his dead. later, when the athenians changed sides and joined the spartans, he repulsed epaminondas before the walls of corinth. in 366, together with callistratus, he was accused of treachery in advising the surrender of oropus to the thebans. he was acquitted, and soon after he accepted a command under tachos, king of egypt, who had revolted against persia. but on the outbreak of the social war (357) he joined chares in the command of the athenian fleet. he lost his life in an attack on the island of chios. see cornelius nepos, _chabrias_; xenophon, _hellenica_, v. 1-4; diod. sic. xv. 29-34; and c. rehdantz, _vitae iphicratis, chabriae, et timothei_ (1845); art. delian league, section b, and authorities there quoted.