BUTLER

butler, william archer (1814-1848), irish historian of philosophy, was born at annerville, near clonmel in ireland, probably in 1814. his father was a protestant, his mother a roman catholic, and he was brought up as a catholic. as a boy he was imaginative and poetical, and some of his early verses were remarkable. while yet at clonmel school he became a protestant. later he entered trinity college, dublin, where he had a brilliant career. he specially devoted himself to literature and metaphysics, and was noted for the beauty of his style. in 1834 he gained the ethical moderatorship, newly instituted by provost lloyd, and continued in residence at college. in 1837 he decided to enter the church, and in the same year he was elected to the professorship of moral philosophy, specially founded for him through lloyd's exertions. about the same time he was presented to the prebend of clondahorky, donegal, and resided there when not called by his professorial duties to dublin. in 1842 he was promoted to the rectory of raymochy. he died on the 5th of july 1848. his _sermons_ (2 vols., 1849) were remarkably brilliant and forceful. the _lectures on the history of ancient philosophy_, edited by w. hepworth thompson (2 vols., 1856; 2nd ed., 1 vol. 1875), take a high place among the few british works on the history of philosophy. the introductory lectures, and those on the early greek thinkers, though they evidence wide reading, do not show the complete mastery that is found in schwegler or zeller; but the lectures on plato are of considerable value. among his other writings were papers in the _dublin university magazine_ (1834-1837); and "letters on development" (in the _irish ecclesiastical journal_, 1845), a reply to newman's famous _essay on the development of christian doctrine_. see _memoir of w.a. butler_, prefixed by rev. j. woodward to first series of _sermons_.