BOSTON

boston, thomas (1676-1732), scottish divine, was born at duns on the 17th of march 1676. his father, john boston, and his mother, alison trotter, were both covenanters. he was educated at edinburgh, and licensed in 1697 by the presbytery of chirnside. in 1699 he became minister of the small parish of simprin, where there were in all "not more than 90 examinable persons." in 1704 he found, while visiting a member of his flock, a book which had been brought into scotland by a commonwealth soldier. this was the famous _marrow of modern divinity_, by edward fisher, a compendium of the opinions of leading reformation divines on the doctrine of grace and the offer of the gospel. its object was to demonstrate the unconditional freeness of the gospel. it cleared away such conditions as repentance, or some degree of outward or inward reformation, and argued that where christ is heartily received, full repentance and a new life follow. on boston's recommendation, hog of carnock reprinted _the marrow_ in 1718; and boston also published an edition with notes of his own. the book, being attacked from the standpoint of high calvinism, became the standard of a far-reaching movement in scottish presbyterianism. the "marrow men" were marked by the zeal of their service and the effect of their preaching. as they remained calvinists they could not preach a universal atonement; they were in fact extreme particular redemptionists. in 1707 boston was translated to ettrick. he distinguished himself by being the only member of the assembly who entered a protest against what he deemed the inadequate sentence passed on john simson, professor of divinity at glasgow, who was accused of heterodox teaching on the incarnation. he died on the 20th of may 1732. his books, _the fourfold state, the crook in the lot_, and his _body of divinity_ and _miscellanies_, long exercised a powerful influence over the scottish peasantry. his _memoirs_ were published in 1776 (ed. g.d. low, 1908). an edition of his works in 12 volumes appeared in 1849. (d. mn.)