BLACKIE

blackie, john stuart (1809-1895), scottish scholar and man of letters, was born in glasgow on the 28th of july 1809. he was educated at the new academy and afterwards at the marischal college, in aberdeen, where his father was manager of the commerical bank. after attending classes at edinburgh university (1825-1826), blackie spent three years at aberdeen as a student of theology. in 1829 he went to germany, and after studying at gottingen and berlin (where he came under the influence of heeren, ottfried muller, schleiermacher, neander and bockh) he accompanied bunsen to italy and rome. the years spent abroad extinguished his former wish to enter the church, and at his father's desire he gave himself up to the study of law. he had already, in 1824, been placed in a lawyer's office, but only remained there six months. by the time he was admitted a member of the faculty of advocates (1834) he had acquired a strong love of the classics and a taste for letters in general. a translation of _faust_, which he published in 1834, met with considerable success. after a year or two of desultory literary work he was (may 1839) appointed to the newly-instituted chair of humanity (latin) in the marischal college. difficulties arose in the way of his installation, owing to the action of the presbytery on his refusing to sign unreservedly the confession of faith; but these were eventually overcome, and he took up his duties as professor in november 1841. in the following year he married. from the first his professorial lectures were conspicuous for the unconventional enthusiasm with which he endeavoured to revivify the study of the classics; and his growing reputation, added to the attention excited by a translation of aeschylus which he published in 1850, led to his appointment in 1852 to the professorship of greek at edinburgh university, in succession to george dunbar, a post which he continued to hold for thirty years. he was somewhat erratic in his methods, but his lectures were a triumph of influential personality. a journey to greece in 1853 prompted his essay _on the living language of the greeks_, a favourite theme of his, especially in his later years; he adopted for himself a modern greek pronunciation, and before his death he endowed a travelling scholarship to enable students to learn greek at athens. scottish nationality was another source of enthusiasm with him; and in this connexion he displayed real sympathy with highland home life and the grievances of the crofters. the foundation of the celtic chair at edinburgh university was mainly due to his efforts. in spite of the many calls upon his time he produced a considerable amount of literary work, usually on classical or scottish subjects, including some poems and songs of no mean order. he died in edinburgh on the 2nd of march 1895. blackie was a radical and scottish nationalist in politics, but of a fearlessly independent type; he was one of the "characters" of the edinburgh of the day, and was a well-known figure as he went about in his plaid, worn shepherd-wise, wearing a broad-brimmed hat, and carrying a big stick. his published works include (besides several volumes of verse) _homer and the iliad_ (1866), maintaining the unity of the poems; _four phases of morals: socrates, aristotle, christianity, utilitarianism_ (1871); _essay on self-culture_ (1874); _horae hellenicae_ (1874); _the language and literature of the scottish highlands_ (1876); _the natural history of atheism_ (1877); _the wise men of greece_ (1877); _lay sermons_ (1881); _altavona_ (1882); _the wisdom of goethe_ (1883); _the scottish highlanders and the land laws_ (1885); _life of burns_ (1888); _scottish song_ (1889); _essays on subjects of moral and social interest_ (1890); _christianity and the ideal of humanity_ (1893). amongst his political writings may be mentioned a pamphlet _on democracy_ (1867), _on forms of government_ (1867), and _political tracts_ (1868). see anna m. stoddart, _john stuart blackie_ (1895); a. stodart-walker, _selected poems of j.s. blackie_, with an appreciation (1896); howard angus kennedy, _professor blackie_ (1895).