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    "source_title": "Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)",
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    "chunk_id": "1911:bethnal green:afb6bd4b6e01",
    "title": "BETHNAL GREEN",
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    "verified_text": "bethnal green, an eastern metropolitan borough of london, england, bounded n. by hackney, e. by poplar, s. by stepney and w. by shoreditch. pop. (1901) 129,680. it is a district of poor houses, forming part of the area commonly known as the \"east end.\" the working population is employed in the making of match-boxes, boot-making, cabinet-making and other industries; but was formerly largely devoted to silk-weaving, which spread over the district from its centre in spitalfields (see stepney). this industry is still maintained. the bethnal green museum was opened in 1872. it contains exhibits of food and animal products, formerly at south kensington, entomological collections, &c.; and various loan exhibitions are held from time to time. the museum also housed the wallace collection until the opening of hertford house, and the pictures now in the national portrait gallery. it stands in public gardens; there are several other small open spaces; and some 70 out of the 217 acres of victoria park are within the borough. close by the park there stood, until the 19th century, a house believed to have belonged to the notorious bishop bonner, the persecutor of protestants in the reign of mary; his name is still attached to a street here. among institutions are the missionary settlement of the oxford house, founded in 1884, with its women's branch, st margaret's house; the north-eastern hospital for children, the craft school und the leather trade school. the parliamentary borough of bethnal green has two divisions, each returning one member. the borough council consists of a mayor, 5 aldermen and 30 councillors. area, 759.3 acres. bethune (family). the _seigneurs_ of bethune, _avoues_ (_advocati_) of the great abbey of saint-vaast at arras from the 11th century, were the ancestors of a great french house whence sprang the dukes of sully, charost, orval, and ancenis; the marquises of rosny, courville and chabris; the counts of selles and the princes of boisbelle and henrichemont. conon de bethune (q.v.), the crusader and poet, was an early forebear. the most illustrious member of the bethune family was maximilien, baron of rosny, and afterwards duke of sully (q.v.), minister of henry iv. his brother philip, count of selles and of charost, was ambassador to scotland, rome, savoy and germany, and died in 1649. hippolyte de bethune, count of selles and marquis of chabris, who died in 1665, bequeathed to the king a magnificent collection of historical documents and works of art. the charost branch of the family gave france a number of generals during the 17th and 18th centuries. the last duke of charost, armand joseph de bethune (1738-1800), french economist and philanthropist, served in the army during the seven years' war, after which he retired to his estates in berry, where, and also in brittany and picardy, he sought to ameliorate the lot of his peasants by abolishing feudal dues, and introducing reforms in agriculture. during the terror he was arrested, but was liberated after the 9th thermidor. he was mayor of the 10th arrondissement of paris under the consulate, and died at paris on the 20th of october 1800, of small-pox, contracted during a visit to a workshop for the blind which he had founded. he published essays on the way to destroy mendicancy and to improve the condition of the labourers, and also on the establishment of a fund for rural relief and the organization of rural education. his life throws light on some phases of the _ancien regime_ which are often overlooked by historians. louis xv. said of charost, \"look at this man, his appearance is insignificant, but he has put new life into three of my provinces.\" his only son, armand louis de bethune, marquis de charost, was beheaded on the 28th of april 1794.",
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