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    "source_title": "Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)",
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    "chunk_id": "1911:benchmark:449cd39ee658",
    "title": "BENCH-MARK",
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    "verified_text": "bench-mark, a surveyor's mark cut in stone or some durable material, to indicate a point in a line of levels for the determination of altitudes over a given district. the name is taken from the \"angle-iron\" which is inserted in the horizontal incision as a \"bench\" or support for the levelling staff. the mark of the \"broad-arrow\" is generally incised with the bench-mark so that the horizontal bar passes through its apex. bench table (fr. _banc_; ital. _sedile_; ger. _bank_), the stone seat which runs round the walls of large churches, and sometimes round the piers; it very generally is placed in the porches.",
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