BARBARY APE

barbary ape, a tailless monkey inhabiting algeria, morocco, and the rock of gibraltar (where it may have been introduced), and referable to the otherwise asiatic group of macaques, in which it alone represents the subgenus _inuus_. this monkey, _macacus inuus_, is light yellowish-brown above and yellowish-white below, with the naked part of the face flesh-coloured. it is entirely terrestrial in habits, at least on gibraltar, and goes about in droves. barbary pirates. the coast population of northern africa has in past ages been addicted to piratical attacks on the shores of europe opposite. throughout the decline of the roman empire, the barbarian invasions, the mahommedan conquest and the middle ages, mere piracy always existed by the side of the great strife of peoples and religions. in the course of the 14th century, when the native berber dynasties were in decadence, piracy became particularly flagrant. the town of bougie was then the most notorious haunt of these "skimmers of the sea." but the savage robber powers which, to the disgrace of europe, infested the commerce and the coasts, not only of the mediterranean but even for a time of the ocean; who were not finally suppressed till the 19th century was well advanced; and who are properly known as the barbary pirates, arose in the 16th century, attained their greatest height in the 17th, declined gradually throughout the 18th and were extinguished about 1830. isolated cases of piracy have occurred on the rif coast of morocco even in our time, but the pirate communities which lived by plunder and could live by no other resource, vanished with the french conquest of algiers in 1830. they are intimately connected with the general history of northern africa from about 1492 to their end. the story of the establishment of turkish rule in northern africa and of the revolutions of morocco must be sought under the heads of