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    "source_title": "Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911)",
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    "chunk_id": "1911:banbury:e867ff497d6b",
    "title": "BANBURY",
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    "verified_text": "banbury, a market-town and municipal borough in the banbury parliamentary division of oxfordshire, england, on the river cherwell and the oxford canal, 86 m. n.w. of london by the northern line of the great western railway. pop. (1901) 12,968. the canal communicates northward with the grand junction and warwick canals, and there are branch lines of the great central railway to the main line at woodford, and of the london & north-western railway to bletchley. the town is the centre of a rich agricultural district, and there is a large manufacture of agricultural implements; while other industries include rope and leather works and brewing. banbury cakes, consisting of a case of pastry containing a mixture of currants, have a reputation of three centuries' standing. a magnificent gothic parish church was destroyed by fire and gunpowder in 1790 to make way for a building of little merit in italian style. the ancient banbury cross, celebrated in a familiar nursery rhyme, was destroyed by puritans in 1610. during the 17th century the inhabitants of banbury seem to have been zealous puritans, and are frequently satirized by contemporary dramatists. at a somewhat earlier period the grammar school, now extinct, was of such repute as to be chosen as the model for the constitution of the school of st paul's. a school of science was erected in 1861, and there is a municipal secondary and technical school. some fine old timbered houses remain in the streets. of the castle built in 1125 there are only the barest traces. wroxton abbey, 2 m. n.w., shows slight remains of the original augustinian priory; but the present beautiful gabled building, picturesquely situated, dates mainly from 1618. broughton castle, 2-1/2 m.",
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