ASTARABAD

astarabad, a province of persia bounded n. by the caspian sea and russian transcaspian, s. by the elburz mountains, w. by mazandaran, and e. by khorasan. the country, mountainous in its southern portion, possesses extensive forests, fertile valleys, producing rice, wheat and other grains in abundance, and rich pasturages. the soil, even with little culture, is exceedingly productive, owing to the abundance of water which irrigates and fertilizes it. but while the province in many parts presents a landscape of luxuriant beauty, it is a prey to the ravages of disease, principally malarial fevers due to the extensive swamps formed by waters stagnating in the forests, and to the frequent incursions of the goklan and yomut turkomans, who have their camping-grounds in the northern part of the province, and until about 1890 plundered caravans sometimes at the very gates of astarabad city, and carried people off into slavery and bondage. the province has a population of about 100,000 and pays a yearly revenue of about l30,000. the inhabitants, notwithstanding the unhealthiness of their climate, are a strong and athletic race, belying their yellow and sickly appearance. the province has the following buluk (administrative divisions):--(1) astarabad town; (2) astarabad rustak (villages); (3) sadan rustak; (4). anazan; (5) katul; (6) findarisk, with kuhsar and nodeh; (7) shahkuh savar.