ANTIOCHUS II.

antiochus ii., who was executed by augustus in 29 b.c. after another mithradates we know of an antiochus iii., on whose death in a.d. 17 commagene became a roman province. in 38 his son antiochus iv. epiphanes was made king by caligula, who deposed him almost immediately. restored by claudius in 41, he reigned until 72 as an ally of rome against parthia. in that year he was deposed on suspicion of treason and retired to rome. several of his coins are extant. on all the above see "antiochos" in pauly-wissowa's _realencyclopadie der classischen altertumswissenschaft_, i. part ii. (1894). antiochus of ascalon (1st century b.c.), greek philosopher. his philosophy consisted in an attempt to reconcile the doctrines of his teachers philo of larissa and mnesarchus the stoic. against the scepticism of the former, he held that the intellect has in itself a sufficient test of truth; against mnesarchus, that happiness, though its main factor is virtue, depends also on outward circumstances. this electicism is known as the fifth academy (see academy, greek). his writings are lost, and we are indebted for information to cicero (_acad. pr._ ii. 43), who studied under him at athens, and sextus empiricus (_pyrrh. hyp._ i. 235). antiochus lectured also in rome and alexandria. see r. hoyer, _de antiocho ascalonita_ (bonn, 1883).